The Effectiveness of Sensory Motor Stimulation on Balance and Gait in Children Suffering from Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract

Mazen H. AL Garni*, Mohamed B. Ibrahim, Osama A. El Agamy, Nesma EM. Barakat

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant contributor to mortality and disability among children. The condition is a disruption in the brain’s normal function caused by a mechanical impact on the head. Depending on the nature and location of the lesion, sensory, Cognitive, motor, behavioral and emotional deficits can emerge. Therefore, rehabilitation should be initiated as soon as possible, targeting motor, sensory, cognitive and affective functioning. This work aimed to know the methodological characteristics and effects of sensory motor programs on balance, gait and gross motor skills in children suffering from traumatic brain injury.

Methods: This randomized controlled study was carried out on 44 patients, aged from 8 to 14 years old, both sexes, with traumatic brain injury. Patients were randomly assigned into two equal groups. Control group: received traditional physiotherapy program only. Study group: received sensory motor integration program in addition to the traditional physiotherapy program. The evaluation was done before treatment, and after 6 months of treatment using pediatric balance scale to assess balance and Kinovea software to assess gait.

Results: In control group, Terminal stance and initial Swing were significantly higher in pre-treatment than post treatment (P<0.05). PBS and terminal swing were significantly different between study and control group. While other PBS and gait parameters without significant difference.

Conclusions: sensory motor integration program has a positive impact on balance and gait parameters and gross motor skills in children suffering from traumatic brain injury.