The Relationship between Chronic Kidney Disease and Dementia and psychological impairment in Geriatric Patients: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Abdelrahman Mohamed Ahmed Abukanna*,Anwar Sultan F Alenezi, Bushra Aied H Alenezi, Dimah Sudi M Alanazi, Shamikh Farhan B Alanzy, Fahad Naif K Alanazi, Norah Khalid Alanzi, Wahaj Amer A Alanazi

Background: Dementia is a growing concern, particularly among older adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recent studies suggest a link between CKD and an increased risk of dementia.

Objectives: This systematic review aims to comprehensively assess the current research on the relationship between CKD and dementia in geriatric patients.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of electronic databases like PubMed, MEDLINE, Science Direct, and Scopus. Two independent reviewers screened and extracted data from eligible studies. Results: Eight studies including 239,844 participants in total and 95,760 (39.9%) males-were included in our data. The follow-up duration ranged from 6 months to 48 months. While a limited long-term link was suggested between CKD status and dementia and delirium, there is a co-occurrence of the detection of CKD and dementia in real-world clinical practice among the geriatric population. In patients with moderately severe CKD, lower scores on the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and older age were risk factors for the advancement of cognitive dysfunction.

Conclusion: There is a heavy burden of dementia consecutive to CKD in the geriatric population. Better screening and treatment methods could be developed as a result of an improved understanding of causal factors, which could be facilitated by longitudinal research, brain imaging, and improved screening instruments.